Hayek, H., et al. Vaccine Adjuvants in the Immunocompromised Host: Science, Safety, and Efficacy.

Hayek, H., et al. Vaccine Adjuvants in the Immunocompromised Host: Science, Safety, and Efficacy.

Transpl Infect Dis, 2025 May 19, e70053. PMID: 40387162

• This comprehensive review discusses the role of vaccine adjuvants in enhancing immune responses, particularly in immunocompromised populations such as transplant recipients. It examines both traditional adjuvants, such as aluminum salts, and modern systems like MF59, AS01B, and AS04, highlighting their mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and safety profiles in vulnerable groups. The paper emphasizes the importance of ongoing research to develop and evaluate novel adjuvants, including saponin complexes and toll-like receptor agonists, to improve vaccine efficacy while ensuring safety. It underscores the need for targeted studies and post-marketing surveillance to address safety concerns and optimize adjuvant use tailored to the specific needs of immunocompromised hosts, aiming to improve infectious disease protection in these sensitive populations.
• The paper promotes the use of QS-21 adjuvants by highlighting several key aspects: immunostimulatory efficacy, clinical success, use in immunocompromised individuals, versatility in vaccine platforms, combination adjuvants, and developing next-generation vaccines. The paper advocates for the continued and expanded use of QS-21 adjuvants due to their proven immunogenicity, incorporation into licensed vaccines, and potential to improve vaccine responses, especially when combined in advanced adjuvant systems.

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